Movie Review: A Time To Kill :: essays research papers

Movie Review: A Time To Kill I never read A Time To Kill by John Grisham because the book bored me. But I wonder why it did bore me because the movie was engrossing and entertaining. Maybe it is because Akiva Goldsman took out most of the boring parts. I usually love Grisham, but this book was just too slow. However, another thing that made the movie more entertaining is the actors. The movie begins with the rape scene that you have probably heard about. If you haven't, it's a quick-edited scene so it doesn't show much, but still makes your stomach churn. Jake Brigance (Matthew McConaughey) describes it graphically in his summation. Anyway, what makes the scene so shocking is that it is a 10 year old girl being raped. The two men are captured and while ascending a staircase for their preliminary trial, the girl's father, Carl Lee Hailey (Samuel L. Jackson), runs out of a closet with a gun and shoots the two men and a cop. The two men die and the cop has his leg amputated. This sets off the main plot of the story. Hailey gets Brigance to defend him for virtually nothing. During a courtroom scene, Eileen Roarke (Sandra Bullock, in a surprisingly small role for having top billing) helps Brigance to get the trial moved to another town. Unfortunately, the judge (Patrick McGoohan) decides against moving the trial. Brigance needs to get a jury of young, married men with children. What does he get? A jury of women and old men. So Brigance has his work cut out for him, especially when he is up against the cruel and cheating Rufus Buckley (Kevin Spacey). The film moves along quickly, which I wasn't expecting. The movie is 145 minutes long, but it seems shorter than this. The book is over 500 pages, so Goldsman had his work cut out for him. But he did a great job and made the movie more entertaining than the book. As I said, the actors must have had something to do with it as well. Matthew McConaughey is superb as Brigance. This is his first movie and it will probably make him famous. His summation is one of the best parts of the movie. He says it with great emotion that, not only can the jury relate with, but so can the audience. Samuel L. Jackson is always good and there is one particular scene where he gives a small talk to Brigance. It is powerful, even if it is short. That's how good Jackson is.

Pay for Performance Essay

Traditionally, all incentive plans are â€Å"pay-for-performance† plans. They pay all employees based on the employee’s performance (Dessler). Compensation is a primary motivator for employees. People look for jobs that not only suit their creativity and talents, but compensate them both in terms of salary and other benefits accordingly. Compensation is also one of the fastest changing fields in Human Resources, as companies continue to investigate various ways of rewarding employees for performance. It is very important for organizations to make sure that the incentive plans are well structured to need the needs of the employee and in return make the organization profitable. Giving incentive pay to employees that has not earned them destroys the motivation and moral of employees which leads to less productivity. Thanks to public outcry, shareholder outrage, and increased government scrutiny, companies are making some adjustments to their executive incentive programs. At the very least, it gives the appearance of linking pay to performance. Most managers get short-term bonuses and long-term incentives in addition to salary.50 For firms offering short-term incentive plans, virtually all 96% provide those incentives in cash. For those offering long-term incentive plans, about 48% offer stock options. These aim to motivate and reward management for long-term corporate growth in shareholder value. The size of the bonus (in terms of percentage of salary) is usually greater for top-level executives (Dessler). Often times top level management incentives are just a bit too much. They are given large stock options, cash bonuses, and other high price incentives and often times they take advantage of the situation. Enron executives are a great example of taking advantage of a good thing. This is just one down fall of the incentive program, another issue would be employee moral decrease because they often times feels like management should not receive such large rewards when they the employee feels like they are going all the work. Enron officials manipulated information to protect their interests and to deceive the public, although the extent of their deception is still to be determined. Both executives and board members claim that they weren’t aware of the company’s off-the-books partnerships and shaky financial standing. However, both Skilling and Lay were warned that the firm’s accounting tactics were suspect, and the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations concluded, â€Å"Much that was wrong with Enron was known to the board.† Enron’s leaders acted irresponsibly by failing to take needed action, failing to exercise proper oversight, and failing to shoulder responsibility for the ethical miscues of their organization. Enron officials put loyalty to themselves above loyalty to everyone else with a stake in the company’s fate-stockholders, business partners, ratepayers, local communities, and foreign governments. They also abused the trust of those who worked for them. Employees felt betrayed, in addition to losing their jobs and retirement savings. America has an ethical issue because knowledge and techniques has been used to manipulate people unethically as well as to help them develop their potential. People who lack respect for the basic dignity of the human being could learn organizational behavior ideas and use them for selfish ends. Merit pay is a plan that most state agencies use. As times have changed and budgets are tight state government has cut back on merit play. The state merit programs were used to compensate employees for exceeding their work expectations. It has been over eight years since the state has given out merit pay. Employee’s moral is very low because top level management has found ways to get their friends pay raises. Another misuse of the merit system is when an employee has performed above the call of duty and is over looked and an increase is given to a person that has been less productive but is good friends with the boss. When times are tough economically, it is more important than ever for companies to clearly communicate their commitment to employees,† said Rich Sperling, a senior consultant with Hay Group. â€Å"Employers can leverage a variety of financial and nonfinancial rewards to engage employees through tough times when budgets are tight, but communicating and reinforcing those messages through a variety of channels is critical.†(HR Focus). How do you keep an employee motivated when there is nothing extra to give them for doing a job well done? Often times just a simple recognition of a job well done will keep an employee motivated. In my office we use to have a program called â€Å"Shout Outs†. Being that funding was tight and there were no pay raises being given out due to budget cuts our Deputy Director came up with this program. Giving employee’s recognition for going above and beyond to get a job done. It was amazing how the employees reacted to this program because so many people were never given credit for a job well done. What I found out through this program was that when people are given credit for going a great job they are willing to go that extra mile above and beyond to make sure they job is done and it is quality work that is produced. Often time managers would take the credit for a job they did not perform and were given incentives and they ones that had really done the job was left in the cold. Organizations have to make sure that when incentives are given out that they people receiving the incentives are the ones that deserve them. When an employee feels appreciated they are more willing to go without the incentive pay and get the job done it’s when they feel like the organization does not value them is when they start to look for employment with a company that appreciate them and make them feel like they are valuable to the organization. In conclusion incentives are environmental factors that are established for the purpose of motivating a person. Individual incentive programs give performance-based pay to individual employees. Team-based incentives of course aim to incentivize work teams. Variable pay refers to group pay plans that tie payments to productivity or to some other measure of the firm’s profitability. Incentives play an important part in motivating employees to do a good job. When an employee feels like the organizations appreciate them rather it is with bonus pay, paid time off, recognition, family leave, or good health benefits that are more willing to go that extra mile to make sure quality service is provided. Benefits and incentives pay also helps to motivate employees they call in sick less are healthier happier people all because they feel more appreciated!!

Marxism Revolutionaries - 1981 Words

Marxism is a term used to describe, the political and economical theories of Karl Marx; which was later developed, into the foundation for, communism. Karl Marx was a world renowned philosopher, who once said â€Å"capitalism destroyed man†. His criticism of the practice of capitalism has been praised for centuries and is still alive today, prominently in Cuba. The idea of Marxism brought out social change throughout the world and has caused a lot of turbulence worldwide. The views of Capitalism and Marxism sparked controversy and wars between people and countries that shared the opposing view. One of many people, who praised Marxism for its authenticity and change, was Fidel Castro. Fidel was the President of Cuba, from 1959, until 2008; when†¦show more content†¦His face became a sign of change and hope, which left a big legacy in Cuba. (Duetschmann,p.) The third most important figure of the Cuban revolution was, Fulgencio Batsista. Batista was born on January 16, 1901, in Banes Cuba. As he grew older he got an interest into the army, and traveled to Havana to join the army there; where he was promoted sergeant and then a union leader. In 1933, he led a coup that eradicated the government of Gerado Mercado. In 1940, he was elected president, when he won presidency, he instated, the 1940 constitution of Cuba. The constitution gave, Cubans a lot of freedoms, like the right to vote and many other individual rights. The constitution was acclaimed and Batista was praised throughout his political career by many. (1) After finishing his first presidential term, he ran for president again in 1952: and that was when everything started turning. After winning presidency again, Batista eradicated many rights given by the 1940 Constitution of Cuba; freedoms like the right to strike were stripped away from the people of Cuba. He then made a concu rrence with the wealthy farm workers, which resulted, in an economical gap between the rich and the poor. Unfortunately, the American government was in support, of his dictatorship, prominently because their relationship with Cuba was going well. Inevitably, the people of Cuba became upset and started to riot,Show MoreRelatedLenins Contribution to Marxism up to 1905 and the Consequences1247 Words   |  5 PagesLenins Contribution to Marxism up to 1905 and the Consequences Karl Marx was a German philosopher who wrote the Communist Manifesto, which encouraged workers to unite and seize power by revolution. His views became known as Marxism and influenced the thinking of socialists throughout Europe in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Marx believed that history was evolving in a series of stages towards a perfect state - Communism. These stages started with FeudalismRead MoreThe Communist Manifesto By Bertell Ollman953 Words   |  4 PagesManifesto, I was deeply thinking of how Marxism theory be applied in contemporary society and how much benefit it brings to this developing modern world. What will things be look like after the revolution could be a questions often put to Marxists. But the answers are frequently unclear and vague. Since socialism emerges out of capitalism as a result of a successful struggle against it by the working class, the specific measures introduced by the revolutionary socialist government will depend on theRead MoreSocial Conflict and Social Relations: The Marxism Approach1625 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Marxism is an approach of societal evaluation that targets societal conflict and class-relations making use of a materialist explanation of historical development, along with a dialectical view of social remodeling. Marxist evaluation uses economic and socio-political examination and applies it to the investigation and evaluation of the development of capitalism and the role of class struggle in systemic economic change (Walicki, 1997). Marxism develops on a materialist knowledgeRead MoreRussia s Revolutionary Fabric : Lenin1599 Words   |  7 PagesRussia’s Revolutionary Fabric: Lenin Lenin believed in a distinctly violent revolutionary ideology. Lenin claimed that he strictly followed Marxism, yet his policies and actions did not reflect it. One need only to read Lenin’s What is to be Done? and contrast it with Marx’s The Manifesto of the Communist Party to note the stark differences between their ideologies. Lenin believed that the working class could not reach class consciousness – the realization that capitalism exploits the working classRead MoreThe Concept Of Power Between Conservatism And Marxism1311 Words   |  6 Pages This essay will compare and contrast the concept of power between Conservatism and Marxism. Marxism and Conservatism are two ideologies at the opposite ends of the political spectrum, respectively being left-wing and right-wing. The two contrasting ideologies give a good insight to the main aims of the ruling individual and/or political parties and their effects on social structure in the states that adopt them. All political ideologies are about power. It is about the people who have power andRead MoreCommunism As A Utopian Society1567 Words   |  7 Pagesabout Marx/Marxism and his terms of a communist society. It is futile and ignorant to turn a blind eye and wish that communism will somehow fade away. Nor is it reasonable to equate communism to a very authoritarian, undemocratic, and inhumane, such as the one under Stalin’s rule.Rather we must understand its strength, its danger, and what Marx, who is considered the father of communism, considered a utopian society to be. Firstly, we must must understand the ideals that of Marx/Marxism. Karl MarxRead MoreMao Zedong1741 Words   |  7 PagesMao’s approach to political leadership as a revolutionary was summed up in the phrase, â€Å"Correct leadership must come from the masses and go to the masses.† What was Mao’s philosophy of how to lead a revolution, before and after 1949? Initially a radical revolutionary then a committed Marxist, Mao’s philosophy on how to lead a revolution was bathed in Nationalism. It is Mao’s love for China’s independence coupled with agrarian reforms that put Mao on the road to power. After 1949, NationalismRead MoreThe Major Problems That International Relations1639 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween different states or different groups within a country. War can take on many forms including world, inter-state, intra-state or revolutionary. In order to figure what causes wars, a theoretical approach is useful to expand our understanding and perspective on the issue. The three theoretical approaches we will explore in this paper are Realism, Liberalism and Marxism. These three approaches are chosen due to their verity as well as how vast their explanation stretches allows for contrasts to showRead MoreEssay on Biography of Karl Marx787 Words   |  4 PagesKarl Marx is the revolutionary founding father of comm unism and Marxism, while Niccolo Machiavelli expounded upon the concept of realism through his work The Prince. These two concepts have been the foundations that various countries and governments have tried to utilize in hopes of constructing a utopian society. Karl Marx was born in 1818 in Trier Germany, studying history, philosophy, and law at the universities of Berlin, Jena, and Bonn. Karl Marx did not like the production portion of Capitalism;Read MoreCapitalism Racism And Patriarchy963 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Capitalism, Racism, and Patriarchy A specific targeted attack is needed to dismantle systems of oppression (RACE CLASS AND GENDER) Marxism alone cannot adequately address inequalities of race and gender because it ignores the historical impacts of race and gender As such critical problems will persist Patriarchy is not just a superstructure It is an independent oppressive system which must also be dismantled before true revolution can occur Patriarchal norms will persist in the home (home is

The Theme in The Minister’s Black Veil Essay - 2601 Words

The Theme in â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil† Morse Peckham in â€Å"The Development of Hawthorne’s Romanticism† explains what he interprets Hawthorne’s main theme to be in his short stories: This technique, though Hawthorne’s is different from that of European writers, creates analogies between self and not-self, between personality and the worlds. . . .Henceforth Hawthorne’s theme is the redemption of the self through the acceptance and exploitation of what society terms the guilt of the individual but which to the Romantic is society’s guilt (92). The interplay between the guilt of the individual, Reverend Mr. Hooper, and society’s guilt, underlies all of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Minister’s Black†¦show more content†¦. . . it puts one outside the ‘magic circle’ or the ‘magnetic chain’ of humanity, where there is neither love nor reality (54). The theme arises from the central conflict in the tale, which is an internal one, a spiritual-moral conflict within the minister, the Reverend Mr. Hooper. â€Å"Everything he has to say is related, finally, to ‘that inward sphere’† (McPherson 68-69). The minister’s absorption into the problems of his â€Å"inner sphere† cause the draping of the crape veil and the resultant alienation from people. At the outset of the tale, â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil,† the sexton is tolling the church bell and simultaneously watching Mr. Hooper’s door, when suddenly he says, ``But what has good Parson Hooper got upon his face? The surprise which the sexton displayed is repeated in the astonishment of the onlookers: â€Å"With one accord they started, expressing more wonder. . .† The reason is this: â€Å"Swathed about his forehead, and hanging down over his face, so low as to be shaken by his breath† is a black veil. The 30 year old, unmarried parson receives a variety of reactions from his congregation, all of which imply the alienation that is in the mind of the speaker or doer: ``I cant really feel as if good Mr. Hoopers face was behind that piece of crape ``He has changed himself into something awful, only byShow MoreRelatedTheme Of The Ministers Black Veil1080 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of Symbolism in â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil† Each individual has to make the choice to either dwell on their sin, or let go of their sins. Some people can let it go and move on, but some try to hide from their sin. Some even hide from the sins of others. In his short story â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil,† Nathaniel Hawthorne creates an eerie tale about the veiled minister of Milford Village. The main character, Mr. Hooper starts wearing a veil to his sermons. The whole town is skepticalRead More The Theme of Hawthorne’s The Ministers Black Veil Essay2353 Words   |  10 Pagesâ€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil† – The Theme  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s tale, â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil,† the dominanat theme is obviously one man’s alienation from society. This essay intends to explore, exemplify and develop this topic.    Hyatt Waggoner in â€Å"Nathaniel Hawthorne† states:    Alienation is perhaps the theme he handles with greatest power. â€Å"Insulation,† he sometimes called it – which suggests not only isolation but imperviousness. It is the opposite ofRead MoreTheme Of Guilt In The Ministers Black Veil1065 Words   |  5 Pagesthemselves, but when ignored, sin is still manifested in those within; in order to fully make progress in one’s character, sin has yet to be recognized.In the parable â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil,† Nathaniel Hawthorne initially illustrates a town full of â€Å"good people,† but then contradicts this idea, proving, through a black veil, that all people live with concealed and ashamed pasts. This can be parallelled to the Theories of Guilt that discuss how humans are controlled by their shameful pasts. AsRead MoreTheme of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Parable the â€Å"Minister’s Black Veil†569 Words   |  3 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne’s parable the â€Å"Ministerà ¢â‚¬â„¢s Black Veil† his theme of the story is that nobody can escape a sin. An analysis on the surface of the story is one day Mr. Hooper minister of a congregation in Milford, MA, a small settlement of puritans, working hard just to sustain life. When the sexton tolls the bell Mr. Hooper comes out as usual but wearing a black veil. In my opinion this shows that Mr. Hooper is showing that he committed a sin and he wear the black veil as a way to say everyone wearsRead MoreMain Themes of Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter and The Ministers Black Veil769 Words   |  4 PagesMain Themes of Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter and The Ministers Black Veil Nathaniel Hawthorne’s works often have parallel themes and similar characters. His approach is quite gloomy and the atmosphere for his stories is many times sad and depressing. Hawthorne concentrates his novel and short stories around the Puritan community, which adds to the tense and unforgiving atmosphere. One of his most renowned novels, The Scarlet Letter and his short story, The Minister’s Black Veil containRead MoreThe Fall Of The House Of Usher1651 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil,† and William Cullen Bryant’s â€Å"Thanatopsis† illustrate several Romantic and Transcendentalist (and anti-Transcendentalist) traits. All of these authors are regarded as very important and influential Romantic writers. Their works are renowned all across the entire world. â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher† is a Gothic short story written by Edgar Allen Poe, which focuses on exploring the psychology of the primary character, R oderick. Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil† isRead MoreCritiques of the Puritan Norms by Nathaniel Hawthorne in Young Goodman Brown982 Words   |  4 Pagesinstitutions that other people found sacred, and beyond that, he hoped to challenge perceptions of what it meant to live a normal life during that time. One of the primary themes of Puritanism is the concept of original sin, and Hawthorne seemed to have a preoccupation with this concept. In â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† and â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil,† Hawthorne uses different characters and different scenes to make important statements on the nature of Puritan life. Specifically, the two works are linked from aRead MoreLiterary Analysis : The Minister s Black Veil 1224 Words   |  5 Pages1302 September 21, 2015 Hawthorne, Nathaniel â€Å"the Minister’s Black Veil† Literary Analysis The minister is acquiring attention to actions of the town people to keep secret his guilty and sinful ways. The reader, while reading the short story, can conclude that the narrator is in third-person to reveal the character’s thoughts. Nathaniel Hawthorne uses lots of symbolism and figure of speech to clarify the ministers reasoning for the black veil over his face. The first figure of speech involvesRead MoreHawthorne’s Use of Allegory1545 Words   |  7 PagesThe Ministers Black Veil by Nathaniel Hawthorne is a short story that was first published in the 1836 edition of the Token and Atlantic Souvenir and reappeared over time in Twice-Told Tales, a collection of short stories by Nathaniel Hawthorne. The short story narrates the events that follow Reverend Mr. Hoopers decision to start wearing a black veil that obscures his full face, except for his mouth and chin. Mr. Hooper simply arrives one day at the meeting house wearing the semi-transparentRead MoreHawthorne’s Use of Allegory1212 Words   |  5 PagesHawthorne’s Use of Allegory The Ministers Black Veil by Nathaniel Hawthorne is a short story that was first published in the 1836 edition of the Token and Atlantic Souvenir and reappeared over time in Twice-Told Tales, a collection of short stories by Nathaniel Hawthorne. The short story narrates the events following Reverend Mr. Hoopers decision to begin wearing a black veil that obscures his full face, except for his mouth and chin. Mr. Hooper simply arrives one day at the meeting house wearing

Sexual Crimes Against The Conundrum Of Marital Rape

This Term Paper has been submitted by Nitin Nair Roll no: 212139 On Women and Criminal Law Topic: Sexual Crimes against Women- The Conundrum of Marital Rape During the Monsoon Semester 2014-2015 Introduction The word â€Å"rape† is derived from the word raptus, which means to seize. It is the act of forced non-consensual sexual intercourse with a woman by coercion, fear or fraud. Rape usually include three separate factors, these factors include forced vaginal penetration, threat of violence or violence by the offender and non-consent by the victim. In Bodhisattwa Gautam v. Subhra Chakraborty , the Supreme Court described the crime of rape as ‘deathless shame and the gravest crime against human dignity’. The act of rape not only stripes her of any dignity whatsoever but also subjects the woman to a perverse physical conquest, ostracizing her from society and leading to long lasting psychological problems. Historically under Roman law, the term was used to imply theft of a woman as they were deemed to be property of their guardian and not as an individual with their own rights. Thus, the rape of a woman was a wrong against the person who had custody over her, the woman being considered as wholly owned subsidy. Understanding the concept of Marital Rape Simply put, marital rape can be defined as â€Å"forced sexual activity demanded of a wife by her husband†. There is a common assumption that society takes that rape is usually committed by a stranger and cannot beShow MoreRelatedDeath Penalty For Sex Offences3720 Words   |  15 PagesTOWARDS A BALANCED APPROACH ABSTRACT The recent spate of violent sexual crimes that rocked the country is a subject of passionate discussion. It has resulted in a nation-wide demand for the execution of sex offenders as they believe that such heinous crimes deserve nothing less than the maximum penalty. However, that would amount to equating the crime with murder which can lead to further unpleasant consequences. Also, all sexual offences do not merit the death penalty as they differ in degreesRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 PagesBusiness morality b. Charities as businesses 12. Democracy a. Good vs. Bad 13. Social Issues (only stats provided) a. Gender b. Family c. Equality 14. Governance a. World Governance 15. Others a. Cooperation b. Education c. Crime d. Liberty or Security e. Consumerism 1. Media 1a. New vs. Traditional GENERAL Intro: †¢ The first quarter of 2043 will be when the last newspapers land on front process all over America. This is the prediction the author of ‘The Vanishing

Assignment †Drinks Evidence-Based Claims Free Essays

HBS108 Assignment – Drinks: Evidence-based Claims ———————————————————————————————————————————— 1. INTRODUCTION Drinks are an important and yet relatively under researched area of children’s nutrition. The purpose of this report is to research on what the latest peer- reviewed evidence states about the health benefits of products such as Nutrient water, and to then to compare this literature to the health benefits of cow’s milk. We will write a custom essay sample on Assignment – Drinks: Evidence-Based Claims or any similar topic only for you Order Now By examining a range of recently published peer-reviewed journal articles on the topic of advantages and disadvantages of drinks which are evidence based claims, this report is an examination and comparison between nutrient water type drinks and cow’s milk. The report then concludes with a recommendation on how to make a good nutritional choice in which is best for children to consume. 2i. ADVANTAGES OF CHILDREN REGULARLY CONSUMING â€Å"NUTRIENT WATER†-TYPE DRINKS Consumers today want more from their beverages than merely good taste. In addition to nutrient water type drinks, energy drinks such as red bull, has continued to gain popularity among teenagers (Malinauskas et al. 2007, p. 2). Studies has shown that energy drinks provide the consumer with increased energy as shown in advertisements with the aid of caffeine by providing the desirable effects of increased alertness, improved memory, and enhanced mood (Oddy O’Sullivan 2009, p. 4). Malinauskas et al. (2007, p. 6) states that through research, energy drink consumption is common among college students, particularly due to insufficient sleep, needing more energy in general, while studying for exams or working on major course projects and while driving an automobile for prolonged period. Guarana is an ingredient found in energy drinks, its functional claim is to increase energy, enhances physical performance, and promotes weight loss. There is scientific evidence to support this claim, major component of guarana is caffeine and caffeine consumption has been associated with increased energy, enhancement of physical performance, and suppressed appetite (Scholey Kennedy 2004, p. 321). 2ii. DISADVANTAGES OF CHILDREN REGULARLY CONSUMING â€Å"NUTRIENT WATER†-TYPE DRINKS Caffeine has been found to have detrimental health consequences. At moderate intakes, caffeine can enhance endurance performance and concentration in adults, but when consumed in larger doses, caffeine can cause anxiety, agitation, sleeplessness, gastrointestinal problems, and arrhythmias (Oddy O’Sullivan 2009, p. 64). Further, acute caffeine consumption reduces insulin sensitivity and increases mean arterial blood pressure. Central nervous system, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and renal dysfunction have been associated with chronic caffeine ingestion. According to Clauson et al. (2008, p. 6) research has also shown that the high glucose content of energy drinks and other flavored enhanced beverages plays a considerable role in weight gain, which can lead to serious health consequences such as diabetes. In addition, Clauson et al. explains that deaths, new-onset seizures, manic episodes have been linked to ingestion of large amounts of energy drinks. Based on findings, consumption of energy drinks nor nutrient enhanced drinks by childr en is not recommended. 3i. ADVANTAGES OF CHILDREN REGULARLY CONSUMING COW’S MILK According to Popkin et al. (2006, p. 33) many beneficial, and some detrimental, health effects have been attributed to the consumption of cow’s milk. Furthermore, Popkin et al. (2006, p. 533) states that for children and adolescents, milk is the current key source of vitamin D and calcium and is an excellent source of high-quality protein. Cow’s milk consumption has several benefits. Watt, Dykes and Sheiham (2000, p. 14) explains that an adequate intake of calcium is needed to ensure development and maintenance of skeletal strength. Bone disorders such as osteoporosis are an increasing health problem which can be prevented with daily intake of ample quantity of milk. A recent study demonstrated that intake of milk in childhood and adolescence is associated with increased bone mass and density in adulthood (Kristensen et al. 2005, p. 1803). Pfeuffer and Schrezenmeir (2006, p. 113) states that recent observational studies confirm that the consumption of milk products can actually lower cholesterol levels, have reduced risk of protein malnutrition, fewer dental cavities, increased mineral content in children bones and fewer bone fractures. 3ii. DISADVANTAGES OF CHILDREN REGULARLY CONSUMING COW’S MILK According to Bell, Grochoski Clarke (2006, p. 4) up until recently, the only reputed downside to consuming bovine milk and other dairy products were intolerances to lactose and allergies to milk protein. Furthermore, Bell, Grochoski Clarke explains that despite its health bene? ts, the consumption of cow’s milk has come under scrutiny for its reported links to the risk of chronic diseases. According to Haug, Hostmark and Harstad ( 2007, p. 6) several studies has suggested that there is an association between milk consumption and blood pressure; as hypertension is inversely related to milk consumption in some epidemiological- and intervention studies. It has been suggested that some milk peptides have antihypertensive effects, both by inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme, having opoid-like activities, antithrombotic properties and by binding minerals. Experiments demonstrate that high calcium content of milk can interfere with a child’s absorption of iron, another mineral that is crucial for development. To ensure a child is not iron deficient, it’s a good idea to avoid serving milk products and iron-rich foods in the same meal (Dewar 2009, p. 28). 4. CONCLUSION Drinks are an important and yet relatively under researched area of children’s nutrition. This report has identified the advantages and disadvantages of children who are of 9 to 12 years of age regularly consuming â€Å"nutrient water-type drinks and cow’s milk. The impact of regularly consuming cow’s milk as opposed to energy drinks in addition to â€Å"nutrient water-type drinks† is expected to have positive health benefits such as the prevention of osteoporosis, increased bone mass and density, lower cholesterol levels, reduced risk of protein malnutrition, fewer dental cavities, increased mineral content in children bones and fewer bone fractures. . RECOMMENDATION From the above mentioned peer-reviewed evidence-based discussion, we recommend that children and adolescents of 9 years of age and older group should consume 3 cups per day of fat-free or low-fat milk or equivalent milk products instead as compared with the nutrient enhanced water in addition to energy drinks. Based on findings, consumption of energy drinks nor nutrient enhanced drinks by children is not recommended as the ingredient found in those drinks might lead to adverse effects and possibly death in case of over consumption. Patients with clinically relevant underlying medical conditions, including heart disease, should consult their physician before drinking energy drinks. The prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing, and switching from whole milk to low-fat or fat-free milk has been suggested as one way to reduce children’s intake of excess fat and calories. Diets rich in milk products can reduce the risk of low bone mass throughout the life cycle. The consumption of milk products is especially essential for children and adolescents who are building their peak bone mass and developing lifelong habits. Although each of these food groups may have a different relationship with disease outcomes, the adequate consumption of all food groups contributes to overall health. 6. REFERENCE LIST Bell, S Grochoski, G Clarke, A 2006,’Health implications of milk containing beta-casein with the A2 genetic variant’, Critical Reviews In Food Science and Nutrition, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 93-100, retrieved 4 September 2011, MEDLINE with Full Text, EBSCOhost. Bellisle, F Thornton, SN Hebel, P Denizeau, M Tahiri, M 2010, ‘A study of fluid intake from beverages in a sample of health French children, adolescents and adults’, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 64, no. 4, pp, 350-335, retrieved 4 September 2011, http://web. ebscohost. com. ezproxy-m. deakin. edu. au/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer? sid=f8b1289f-91ba-4e4e-8772-649a62a3cb1e%40sessionmgr111vid=2hid=106. Binns, C Graham, K Scott, J Oddy, W 2007, ‘Infants who drink cow milk: A cohort study’, Journal of Paediatrics Child Health, vol. 3, no. 9, pp. 607-610, retrieved 21 August 2011, . Black, R Williams, S Jones, I Goulding, A 2002,’Children who avoid drinking cow milk have low dietary calcium intakes and poor bone health’, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 76, no. 3, pp. 675-680, retrieved 4 September 2011, MEDLINE with Full Text, EBSCOhost. 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Williamson, C 2009, ‘Functional foods: what are the benefits? , British Journal of Community Nursing, vol. 14, no. 6, retrieved 19 August 2011, http://web l4. ebscohost. com. ezproxy-m. deakin. edu. au/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer? sid=d08a7352-0a80-4eb7-a906-eef22e10525e%40sessionmgr112vid=5hid=106. How to cite Assignment – Drinks: Evidence-Based Claims, Essay examples

MS Zara Company free essay sample

Case: Marks Spencer’s versus Zara’s Operations Marks Spencer (MS) is a major British retailer of clothing, food and financial services. Over 30 million customers are served per month in more than 300 UK stores, besides the many international locations. The company was established in 1884 and now it has over $17 billion in annual sales with the highest profit margin in the retailing industry. M S is encountering some difficulties in logistics because it has lengthy logistics procedures forcing the retailer to order 9 months in advance. Competitors like Zara have very fast and efficient logistics with excellent lead time. Nimble competitors are offering low prices as well as achieving many deliveries per year of new fashion items. MS decided to pursue a new strategy of improving their product appeal, availability and value. The retailer encountered difficulties because its processes are not flexible enough to allow short lead times. We will write a custom essay sample on MS Zara Company or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page New product development is slow and costly. The relationship with suppliers is not fast enough, nor efficient enough. MS started to achieve savings by using fewer suppliers and working more effectively with them. This is to assure better product quality, value and availability. Spanish retailer Zara has hit on a formula for supply chain success that works. By defying conventional wisdom, Zara can design and distribute a garment to market in just fifteen days. In Zara stores, customers can always find new products—but theyre in limited supply. This makes the customer eager to visit the store more often and in an urgent manner. Whatever is sold will not be back again. Such a retail concept depends on the regular creation and rapid replenishment of small batches of new goods. Zara often beats the high-fashion houses to the market and offers almost the same products, made with less expensive fabric, at much lower prices. This fast fashion system depends on a constant exchange of information throughout every part of Zaras supply chain—from customers to store managers, from store managers to market specialists and designers, from designers to production staff, from buyers to subcontractors, from warehouse managers to distributors, and so on. Most companies insert layers of bureaucracy that can bog down communication between departments. But Zaras organization, operational procedures, performance measures, and even its office layouts are all designed to make information transfer easy. Zara’s cross-functional teams meet on short notice and without bureaucratic procedures. They can examine prototypes in the hall, choose a design, and commit resources for its production and introduction in a few hours, if necessary. Zara stores receive small shipments and carry little inventory, the risks are small; unsold items account for less than 10 percent of stock, compared with the industry average of 17 percent to 20 percent. This case compares a traditional company with traditional logistics, versus a nimble and agile company following the new ways of doing logistics. Zara’s ways have proven to be successful and efficient, and at the same time they encourage customers to visit the stores more often and to purchase whatever they like before it gets sold out. This shows how important logistics can be in securing successful operations and processes resulting in products being at the right amount, the right price and the right place. Question: Discuss the importance of successful operations management and logistics on gaining a competitive advantage. Use the case above, and the relevant B200B material covered so far, to analyze the differences between Marks Spencer and Zara in terms of their operations and logistics. Clarify what made Zara so successful, and discuss current related issues in logistics and operations using the E-library (EBSCO and Emerald). (100 Marks)