Lord of the Flies Essay Example for Free

entitle of the Flies EssayWilliam Golding, the Nobel Prize winning author is probably dress hat gon for his novel Lord of The Flies. The story tells some how a group boys are stranded in an island in the pacific after the plane they were on was shot down. The boys attempt to re induce the culture they left behind through democracy and election but slowly the boys are lured from civility and rational notion to primeval tribalism. William Golding aims legion(predicate) ways to describe this change in the boys in an interesting way that allow for manage to keep the audience engaged. He uses many literary devices to achieve this result, one of them is symbols. An example of a symbol utilize frequently in the Lord of The Flies is go. William Golding uses the elements of weather effectively in Lord of The Flies to symbolize a kind of universal assessment of the actions, making the novel more interesting, and representing the inner feelings of the characters.Golding manages to use elements of weather effectively to symbolize a kind of universal assessment of the action and dramatic events in the novel. Elements of weather are used to represent the action that is taking place and to also indicate next events. For example, Golding uses weather to slowly hint or indicate Simons death. This is visible in the statement There was a blink of b powerful light beyond the forest and the thunder exploded again so that a littlun started to whine. Big drops of rain fell among them making individual sounds where they struck (Golding, 186). By reading this, readers support feel that the atmosphere and irritation has changed for the worse. When Ralph says, Going to be a storm and youll render rain like when we dropped here, Golding is trying to indicate to us that something big is about to take place later in the novel.Besides that, after Simon dies there heavy rain The water bounded from the mountain-top, tore leaves and branches from the trees, poured like a c utting shower over the struggling heap on the sand. (Golding, 188). So the rain is used here to represent the sadness caused by Simons death as he was a victim of the savage actions of the hunters. This part makes the readers feel sorry for Simon but the readers also know that Simon couldnt do anything to fight back. Golding doesnt present the sadness of Simons death presently but instead chooses to use weather to present it to the readers. In a nutshell, the elements of weather are used at the right place and at the right time, making the action and dramatic events in thenovel much more intense.William Golding also uses the elements of weather to make the story more attractive and to create a more gripping atmosphere. Golding manages to use the weather to portray some situations with a mysterious and serious air. Golding also uses weather to make the readers feel as though they are at that particular scene and can experience the weather at that time. This is done to create intense emotions in the reader. During Simons death Golding uses the weather to support the Lord of The Flies as being omens for something evil that is about to happen. Phrases like Colours drained from water and trees and the pink surfaces of the rock, and the white and brown clouds brooded (Golding, 176) show that something uncollectible is about to happen and creates an ill mood and also in a way makes readers more anxious as to actually what is the evil event that is exit to happen. The line The blue white-scar was constant, the noise unendurable (Golding, 188) makes the reader nervous of the uncertain weather.This also helps to create interest in the reader who will want to know whether there is a relation between the terrible weather and events that are to come. Golding realises the power of weather to explain a situation or to signify something. In the past the ancients believed in the power of weather to influence our lives. For example, they believed in rain gods and sometimes performed rituals to ensure that there was sufficient rain. Weather also can have an impact on peoples moods. For example sunny weather makes people hopeful and happy as opposed to cloudy days which create depression. All of this shows how weather has the ability to influence a person and William Golding realising this has used weather to create interest in readers and thus has made the novel more interesting.Besides that, William Golding has managed to use elements of weather successfully in the novel The Lord of The Flies to portray the inner feelings of the characters in the novel. He uses different types of weather to portray or symbolize different moods or emotions that the characters are feeling at that particular moment or period. Cloudy and dark skies are used to create an ominous mood that symbolizes that something bad is about to happen. This causes reader to feel apprehensive about future events.Meanwhile, rain and thunderstorms are used to symbolize fear and frenzy. This element is sometimes used by Golding in place of words between characters to portray frantic activity that is taking place. Hope is also symbolized in different ways such(prenominal) as the sun appearing after rain and the coming of peaceful dusk. Among the examples Golding uses to symbolize hope in the boys can be undercoat in the etymon of chapter 1. The statement The undergrowth of the side of the scar was shaken and a multitude of raindrops fell pattering (Golding, 1) is used to symbolize hope within the boys because the way the rain boodle and how the sun has come out resembles a new beginning for the boys to look forward to. Another example of hope in the boys can be found at the end of chapter 3.The statement Now the sunlight had lifted clear from the open space and withdrawn from the convulse (Golding, 60) clearly illustrates how Simon feels hope that he will be at peace with nature. This is signified by cool, calm darkness setting on the jungle and the opening of the c andle buds and flowers. Golding also uses weather to create a mood of gloom and impending evil. An example of this is the statement Over the island the build-up of clouds continued (Golding, 163). This creates an ominous mood among Piggy and Ralph symbolized by the large clouds covering the leaf signalling that it was going to rain. Besides that, Golding also manages to use rain and thunderstorms to symbolize frenzy and fear.An example of this can be found in the statement The dark sky was shattered by a blue-white scar (Golding, 171). The element of lightning and thunder here symbolizes how the boys are increasing scared and in a frenzy as they dancing and chant. Besides Goldings examples in The Lord of The Flies, elements of weather are also used in movies regardless of language. For example lightning is sometimes portrayed in movies when the characters suddenly run across something or when a dramatic event has taken place. In conclusion, elements of weather are a owing(p) way to symbolize the inner feelings of characters and William Golding has used them to great effect in his novel.In conclusion, the power of weather as a symbol cannot be underestimated. Elements of weather have the ability to portray characters emotions, foreshadow future events and to also catch and hold readers attention. Golding, realising the importance of weather as a symbol has used itconsistently throughout the book. All major events have been related to elements of weather successfully. As a result, Golding has managed to make the readers feel what he intended them to feel. So in brief, Goldings usage of the elements of weather in the Lord of the Flies has symbolized a universal assessment of the action, has made the novel more interesting and has represented the inner feelings of the characters.Work CitedGolding, William. Lord of the Flies. educational edition. Great Britain Faber and Faber Limited, 1996.

Owens Dulce et Decorum Est Essay Example for Free

Owens Dulce et decorousness Est EssayWriting in a homogeneous style to Owens Dulce et Decorum Est, Siegfried Sassoon also decided to attack figures of authority and those with no direct experience of trench warf ar via tail expound.Base Details is entirely speculative. The give-and-take mingy in the title has two distinct meanings. It could be used as a noun, to mean place, as in a centre of operation or you could interpret the word as an adjective meaning morally low or unacceptable. Sassoon has used play on words in the title so that the reader may more adequately perceive the irony and sarcasm expressed in this song. The adjectives used in the first two creeses of Base Details reflect the authors perception of his superiorsIf I were fierce, and bald, and short of breath,Id live with Scarlet study at the Base,The first line indicates that Sassoon is contemptuous of these officers. He has classed the studys as sharp-worded stereotypes, to be criticised and jee scarle t at.In the following line, the word scarlet has a double meaning. On face value, it could be taken to mean that the officers have bright red cheeks. However, Sassoon has used the word as a metaphor, meaning that the Majors have been metaphorically splattered with the blood of the young workforce they had sent to the front line to die. The stanza continuesAnd speed glum heroes up the line to closing.Here, speed indicates haste. The Majors argon unnecessarily rushing soldiers to their deaths. The soldiers are referred to as glum heroes because that is exactly what they are. Their country is expecting them to be noble, intrepid and courageous. Instead they are despondent because they know that as soon as they are out of the trenches their grisly demise could come active at any second. All the hope, joy and energy that is a part of youth has vanished from these men. Sassoon then regales us with further speculation thusYoud see me with my puffy grating faceGuzzling and gulping in th e best hotel,The first thing we notice about these two lines is that Sassoon has used alliteration in order to rile more of an impact on the reader, and to vary his writing style. Also worth noting is the fact that Sassoon uses rhyme throughout Base Details to good and memorable effect. dictum that the Majors are puffy and petulant indicates incredulity on Sassoons part, similar to that conveyed in the first lines of the poem. The contrive guzzling and gulping indicates greed, and animal-like actions. The Majors are inhuman. Then, we are told that the Majors stay in the best hotel. This brings home the stark contrast between the lives of the soldiers in the vermin-infested trenches, and the sedentary lives of their superiors. Sassoon continuesReading the Roll of Honour. Poor young chap,Id say. I used to know his father wellYes, weve addled heavily in this tolerate scrap.The Roll of Honour referred to here was an official list of those who died in the war. The Majors words regard ing one of the deceased are not at all heartfelt. They are meaningless, detached and emotionally void. He is unconcerned and he has placed himself preceding(prenominal) feelings of pity for those lost and their families. Each new death is just another name on the register and another letter to be dispatched.In the last line of the stanza, the Major refers to trench warfare as a scrap or game, which is identical to Jessie Popes view of war. This is a direct reflection of how little the Major knows about the fighting going on outside his quarters and similarly, how unequipped he is for his job of directing troops. Base Details closes with the followingAnd when the war is through and youth stone dead,Id toddle safely home and die in crease.By using the words stone dead to describe the deceased soldiers, Sassoon makes a brutal and graphic impression on the reader. It is a cold and unfeeling phrase, and seems to render those who died as useless and unimportant.The Major wishes to die peacefully, and in bed opposed those he sends out to the front. The Major considers himself superior in all aspects, even in death.Base Details attempted to show the ignorant public brook in Britain the hypocritical attitudes of many of these Majors and how soldiers in the trenches were being treated in comparison to those who had obtained top jobs merely on the basis of their public schooling.Whilst Base Details depicts the life of a typical Major serving during World War One, another of Sassoons poems, The Hero, depicts the sequence of events on the home front following the death of a soldier.The poem Base Details by Siegfried Sassoon is a sarcastic attack against the army generals who view the war as a game similar to checkers. It is therefore evidence of why Siegfried Sassoon is known as the voice of protest. The first noticeable thing about the text is the title. The word tooth root is a pun for the fact that base means headquarters as well as dishonourable or cowardly, wh ich implies that he will talk about the dishonourable activities at the Army headquarters.Secondly, Sassoon appeared to have blamed the officers for the purposeless deaths of his fellow men, while they were behind the front line and had no idea what it was like.Sassoon uses many adjectives to describe his generalisation of those at the top fat and bald and short of breath which shows the hatred that he has.In this poem, Sassoon writes poor young chapI used to know his father well. This statement solo is typical of an army general. To show the fact that army generals can not comprehend what war is like he uses the phrase we lost heavily in this last scrap. The army generals are calling this a scrap like its a fight between boys at school. Sassoon calls the army generals Finally, Sassoon rounds the poem of with a phrase by reinforcing that they are unfit and fat. He also shows that those at the front line could die any moment by saying When the war is through with(p) and youth stone dead, Id toddle safely home and die, in bed which is a good ending because it says that the generals will die in a comme il faut warm peaceful place, while the soldiers will die among the rats.Sassoons feelings towards the officers are best described in the poem Base Details. In this poem, Sassoon shows his resentment towards the officers by describing them drink in the best hotels, and reading the names of those who died, saying poor young chap I used to know his father well and saying yes, weve lost heavily in this last scrap. The poem is finished with the linesand when the war is done and youth stone dead,Id toddle safely home and die in bedThis poem truly shows the bitterness and resentment Sassoon felt towards the officers. He felt that they didnt really care about those who died, because they were safe themselves and had no idea of what was going on at the front line calling the battle that was fought a scrap, like it was nothing more than a small fight. In the last two lines of the poem, Sassoons feelings are clearer than ever, the way he says that theyll toddle home and then die in bed shows that he thought that the officers were safe and living comfortably while the soldiers, who were genuinely fighting the war, were living in shocking conditions, where they would die at any moment.Sassoon uses many different ways to convey his feelings, and particularly his bitterness and resentment towards the war and the officers, but in all his poems, his true meanings are clear and he writes in such a way that shows us clearly what he thinks and feels about the war.BASE DETAILS ESSAYIn the poem, Base Details, SiegFried Sassoon expresses his great disgust towards the study in the military. He is horrified and appalled at the way the major league act while men are dying out in the battle field. Mr. Sassoon is so furious towards the majors that it takes more than just one word to describe how indignified Sassoon is. These great feelings of anger are derive d from the fact that the majors are living a life of luxury while sending young men up the line out into the battle field. This is all suggested in the title of the poem with the word base suggesting a military base, and/or a base person. And the word details suggesting a command, an assignment, and something or someone lowly. Base Details is a poem which expresses the feelings of the author towards military majors using differentiable types of imagery.The poem begins by Sassoon describing the majors as demanding, mean, and belligerent men. Bald, out-of-shape and full of gluttony. Sassoon categorizes the majors under the word scarlet signifying childless, bright redness from excessive drinking and yelling of anger. Sassoon presents to us the fact of the majors sending up the young men as soon as they are drafted up the line to death. This attitude taken from the majors is what angers Sassoon to the point of hatred.To convince the reader of such horrific truth, Sassoon describes how disrespectful the majors are with their puffy petulant faces from eating and drinking excessively. Sassoon states how the majors are fertilization their faces and Reading the Roll of Honor in safe luxurious hotels while men are dying out on the field

Vertigo - Hitchcock Defying Genres Essay Example for Free

giddiness Hitchcock Defying Genres EssayBased on the French novel DEntre les Morts by Pierre Boileau and Thomas Narcejac, giddiness is arguably one of Alfred Hitchcocks chef-doeuvres and the strangest, yet or so hauntingly beautiful film he had ever made (Adair, 2002). At the time, its far-fetched plot drew a mixed response from critics Time powder magazine c all tolded the movie a Hitchcock and bull story but today most agree that it is one of the directors most deeply felt pictures. Vertigo very easily categorized into a specific genre Thriller, a genre of movies that, in many ways, Hitchcock played a major role in defining. Thrillers are typically movies that attempt to create excitement and include stories about murder, conspiracies, violence, or, in the case of Vertigo, a psychological thriller with unusual characters with unstable mental states. Vertigo checks most of the boxes in defining itself as a thriller. However, simply labeling Hitchcocks Vertigo a thriller will limit its contents, symbols, motifs and themes to just that of a thriller film. Very frequently, a film can revise or reject the conventions associated with its genre (Bordwell, 2001) Instead, in analyzing the film, we need to explore its mystery and romantic melodramatic themes Hitchcock put ond in creating this masterpiece which defies itself being categorized into a single genre.As the man who helped to shape the modern day thriller genre, Hitchcock was fluent in manipulating the audiences fears, and suturing them into a state of affiliation with the characters and the world in which they exist. The main point of Vertigo being a thriller is the plot Scottie, the protagonist and victim of a planned murder of an old booster units wife whom he falls in delight with, an impossible love as she dies and in turn, he continues his downward spiral into mad obsession.These semantic elements are true to psycho-traumatic thrillers, which are centered somewhat the psychotic effec ts of a trauma on the protagonists (detective) current involvement in a love affair and a crime. The protagonist is always the victim generally of some past trauma which is Scotties acrophobia leading to his fellow police officers death, and often of villains who take advantage of his or her masochist guilt (Cook, 1999). These elements are evident of Vertigo being a thriller, but there is more. How Hitchcock defies Vertigo as being just a thriller is how the semantic elements fall short. Unlike typical thriller conventions, Vertigo has no dexterous ending. The flawed protagonist falls in love, which in turn became an obsession that ends in madness. He is guilty of all three deaths, and he stays in a state of transition the entire film. Hitchcock, who pioneered the use of morally ambiguous characters in cinema, filled Vertigo with such characters, especially the protagonist. The repeated motif of the spiral represents Scotties constant state of suspension and transition, all the wa y to the end of the film.Another major element that needs to be explored, is in fact the main motivation in the film romance, or love, that at last boils into obsession. Hitchcock uses the several cinematic techniques, music, and the motif of discolor to portray this element. The first time Scottie and the audience sees Madeleine, she is wearing green, she drives a green car, and when they visit the Sequoias, the name translates as unceasingly green, everlasting. Scotties love for her was everlasting, even after death (Duncan, 2004). The notion of everlasting carries over to when Judy Barton appears, Scottie attempts, with succession to transform her. He changes her dressing, makeup, hair, and speech into his regard of Madeleine. Perhaps the most impactful scene visually in the entire film was when Judy/ Madeleine emerges from the bathroom after Scottie convinced her to do up her hair, the final touch/ renewal into Madeleine.The sequence began with Scottie pacing in the apartm ent near the window as Judy was doing up her hair in the bathroom. He finally settles down onto the couch, facing away from the toilet door, waiting. As the bathroom door opens, he turns to his left, and we only see his left profile (Fig 1.), a mirror image to the first time he set eyes on Madeleine in the restaurant unsure, and this time, full of anticipation. We are reminded of the green motif, by the neon light outside Judys apartment. As Scottie turns around to fully see the resurrected Madeleine, he slowly stands up and at this point the music starts to pick up, leading us to the point at which he sees his beloved.The television photographic camera tracks into a close up of Scotties face, with the green light reflecting off his eye, he almost looks like he has tears in his eyes (Fig 2.). expurgate to Judy/ Madeleine stepping out of the toilet, it is Scotties POV of Madeleine bathed in ghostly green light. Similar to the scene in the cemetery where Madeleine was shot throug h a fog filter, which gave her the green glow, Judy/ Madeleine outright had green light superimposed around her body, which gave her the appearance of a blurred, ghostly figure (Fig 3.).This reflected Madeleine approach back from the dead, now a ghost, as green is normally used to represent ghost or spirits in film. She then slips out of the blur and into focus, Hitchcock used this to indicate Scotties come back to reality, coming to his senses as he spots the locket in the next scene, realizing that Judy has been tricking him all along (Truffaut, 1985). There is a series of shot/ reverse-shots, as she walks toward Scottie, all the while with the green glow behind both. The walk toward Scottie was slow, as she pauses with a mid-shot, and eventually into a close up (Fig 4). In the close-up, she sneaks a smile, a slight smile indicating that she was happy that she was able to fulfill his request, of her transformation.Cut back to Scottie who takes a step toward her, he kisses her in close up (Fig 5). The dynamics of the music picks up as the camera starts to track around them, starting the 360-degree rotation sequence. The background starts to change, an illusion by Hitchcock to momentarily transform the mise-en-scne of the present in Judys hotel room to a scene from the past. Scottie looks up from the embrace to see himself at the place where he first passionately kissed Madeleine. At this point, the camera slows the track and pulls back into a culture medium shot (Fig 6) and the music accelerates into a joyous tune.This shot was a visual externalization of Scotties thoughts and desire, while Judy was lost in her own world of denial, nuzzle up, kissing his neck an overlap and irony of fantasy and reality. Scottie kisses Judy/ Madeleine again as the camera starts tracking once again as the music slows into the main tuneful climax. The sequence is concluded a tight close up, once again with the green glow illuminating the background (Fig 7).Vertigo fulfills many elements that qualifies it as a psycho-traumatic thriller, but we cannot ignore the other (and maybe) more important aspects of the film, as discussed which were the romance, madness and obsession, which makes Vertigo the film that it is. Hitchcock also defies thriller conventions with the use of morally ambiguous characters, the tragic stopping point to the film, and other semantic elements, which deviates from the genre conventions. Vertigo defies genre, instead, it is a mix of genre. We have to look past genre conventions to fully explore and appreciate this strangest, yet most hauntingly beautiful film he (Hitchcock) has ever made.Adair, G. (2002). Alfred Hitchcock Filming Our Fears. Oxford Univerity Press Bordwell, D. Thompson, K. (2001). Film Art an Introduction. 6th Edition. New York McGraw Hill. Cook, P. Bernick, M. (1999). The Cinema Book. 2nd Revised Edition. BFI Publishing. Duncan, P. (2004). Alfred Hitchcock. dismissal Essentials.

Both home country and host country in FDI

Both collection plate body politic and armament field in FDIThe unprecedented growth of multinationals is repayable to the concept of globalisation which has no boundaries or limits. Usu each last(predicate)y within regions economy in that location are f show clips of goods, capital and applied science. This leads to high competition in the pains and of course companies tend to expand their business in order to survive in the global arena. The countries use Foreign Direct Investment as a see to internationalise their business. In order to understand the full meaning of FDI, let us see the definition. FDI is defined as the acquisition abroad of physical assets, much(prenominal) as plant and equipment, with operational control ultimately residing with the parent comp whatsoever in the home rude (Buckley, p.35, 1996).In the past 25 years, FDI is growing at a much stronger rate than trade and both of these have grown faster than world output (Kozul-Wright and Rowthorn, 19 98). There are many another(prenominal) factors contributing to the developing of FDI. Some of them are Internet, technological advancement, flexible rules and regulations of the rural area and lesser communication costs. FDI stimulates competition, capital, technological and managerial acquisitions which has a positive effect on both host and home countrys stinting growth. The importance given to FDI by other country is astounding. One such example is US which has a separate de bankruptment c wholeed berth of Economic Analysis. The department monitors FDI inf number ones and leaks and introduce FDI attraction schemes for successful results. (Graham Spaulding, 2005).This essay analyses various costs and benefits to home country and host country with suitable evidences.cost and Benefits allow us discuss the costs and benefits of FDI to both home countries and host countries.Benefits of FDI to the host countryHill (2005) suggested that there are ternary main benefits to the ho st country derived out of FDI. They are resource transfer effects, employment effects and balance of payment effects. Whenever a company invests in a unconnected planetary house, the resources are capital, engine room and managerial skills. In terms of capital, the host country will have a higher financial status than the home country. The change in technology and managerial skills will have a drastic effect on the operations carried out by the company. In the host country due to FDI, it micturates many employment opportunities through which the citizens of that particular country would be benefited. The balance of payments keeps tracks of FDI inflow and outflows through two types of accounts, current account and capital account. The current account is a record of a countrys export and import of goods (Hill, 2005) and the capital account maintain purchase or sale details of assets by the country. By using FDI, the country can achieve a current account surplus (where exports are greater than imports) and reduce current account deficit (where imports are greater than exports). (Hill, 2005)Costs of FDI to the host countryThe negative effects are termed as costs. There are also significant effects which affects the host country. When a outside firm establishes with the superior technological skills which can produce quality items at cheaper rates, it adversely affects the domestic producers. Balance of payments are also affected by inward FDI by two sources. When there is a initial capital inflow there must be subsequent capital outflow and this will be put down as debits on capital account. The second source is due to import of goods from other countries which will be recorded as debits in current account. The foreign firm can alter the economic stability of a country as they will be focussing only on the profit. Eventually all the inhabitants of the country will have an emotional outbreak to apparent loss of national sovereignty. (Hill, 2005)Benefits of F DI to the home countryThe benefit to the home country also includes the factors interchangeable to that of host country. In terms of balance of payments, what is debit to host country is credit to home country. The outward FDI also leads to creation of new job market place with great expertise and necessary skills. Reverse resource transfer effect takes place whenever resources worry managerial skills are transferred back to the home country. The profit of the foreign firm goes back to the home country unlike domestic producers which contributes to their country. The home country is exposed to create new market share and it is liable to create many in the future. (Hill, 2005)Costs of FDI to the home countryDue to FDI, the home country is mainly affected by capital and employment. Suppose a country A decides to invest in country B, using its capital and technology there will be an addition of financial position to the host country than home country. Even in future, if the country A wants to make any advancement, much focus will be given to the company in country B and implement changes. As a result the drudgery in home country decreases and it nearlytimes result in shutting down all its operations and completely concentrate on the host country. This badly affects the home countrys economy and employment. (Hill, 2005)Summary of costs and benefitsTo conclude the discussion of the benefits and costs of FDI, points are tabulated in Table 1Table 1Benefits and costs of FDIBenefitsCostsHost countryFinancial resources of MNEs Access to new technologyTraining of local managers strain creationCapital inflows bash credits from exportsBOP credits from local production of partsCompetition of local producersBOP debits on repatriated earningsBOP debits on MNE imports on componentsPerception of loss of national identityHome countryBOP credits from earningsCreation of jobs in higher skill categoriesExposure to new markets, managerial expertise and technologyProtects market share in competition with other MNEsInitial investment a capital outflowBOP debits from input of low-cost goodsLoss of exports for which FDI is a substituteJob losses in low skill areasSource Hill (2005)The benefit of home country is the cost of host country and vice-versa. After researching for many years, economists have come to a conclusion that host country has more benefits than home country. This is because of three main reasons. The first one is that they own assets like technology and brand name. Second it is very easier to produce in a country where it is going to be marketed than producing in the home country and exporting as it save costs on transportation. It also rules out the problem of licensing and handling unnecessary pressures on production from the government. (World Trade Organization, 1996)The following sections are illustration of FDI costs and benefits.Renault-Nissan AllianceThe Renault-Nissan alliance in 1999 is the first business-related and industrial part nership between France and Japan (www.renault.com). The alliance veritable a great attention as they created a very big impact on the Japanese car industry. Before the association, Nissan was about to bankrupt and incurred a dramatic loss of 700 billion. When it was taken over by Renault with a new management team headed by Carlos Ghosn, a complete restructuring was done. The global work push up was reduced by 10 part, five factories were closed and Nissans shareholdings were sold. These were very high according to Japanese standards (Paprzycki, 2006). The outcomes were astonishing as they recorded consecutive profit in the following years with high operating margins and it was due to combined expertise and technology sharing (www.renault.com). The stealing of market share from its rivals Honda, Mazda and Mitsubishi was a clear reading material of its accelerated development (Paprzycki, 2006). From this, it is very clear that transfer of managerial skills will have a huge impact in the success of the industry.Mexican MaquiladoresMaquiladores refers to an American company on the Mexican side of US-Mexico border. They are have by US, Japanese and European countries. The reason for these companies to go to Mexico is due to inexpensive labour and low tax (www.about.com). Many US companies including GE, RCA, IBM, Coca-cola and Ford were the first to initiate production in Mexico. Japanese and Korean firms also became major investors in 1982. As a result, it had a positive reflection on employment. It rose from 100,000 in 1982 to 500,000 in 1992. The NAFTA implementation further boosted up to 1.3 million and the region reported for 40 percent of total Mexican exports. The amount of goods exported to US increased from $42 billion in 1993 to $166 billion in 2000. Fords plant in Mexico became the third largest foreign owned manufacturing operation in Latin America. (Jones, 2005)US -Malaysia FDI relationshipThe economy of Malaysia was badly affected by several rece ssions like worldwide oil crisis and Asian economic crisis. Its economy again rebounded in 1999. FDI became a key factor in countrys development. Anderson (1993) suggested few factors that attract FDI in Malaysia were undervalued currency, low cost of labour and fairly low inflation rate. Though there are many foreign investors, U.S. companies ranks first in FDI in Malaysia. The companies like Boeing, General Electric, R.J. Reynolds and Bechtel were major American investors. The government provided undefiled climatic conditions for American firms to operate in Malaysia. The following factors attracted U.S. firms to invest in Malaysia. The government set up an Anti putrescence Agency to prevent corruption in any form. It has the same legal structure so the investors had great convenience in handling their business following the rules and regulations enacted by the government. Moreover there was not any language issue as Malaysia is an English speaking country. The investors got att racted towards the incentives provided through tax treatment and generous equity ownership. There were also some issues face by foreign investors. Any foreign investor who wants to start industry must get proper approval from Malaysian Investment Development permit (MIDA). The approval depends on various conditions which will be frustrating for investors. The other problem face by investors was that they have to get work permit for foreign workers, which was a time consuming process. The government has several restrictions on total number of foreign workers on their land as it will have a direct effect on countrys employment opportunities (Prempeh Abenna, 2003).FDI has also negative impacts on home country. In case of Malaysia, the American investors violated both Human rights and Workers right. Malaysia faced a severe violation of human rights as pay was very much less than the minimum wage. The working conditions were also not employee friendly because of which workers faced s everal types of health problems. The company was against in forming labour union and when protested by the government, they complained that forming unions was a violation according to U.S. Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) requirement (Prempeh Abenna, 2003).McDonalds-a worlds largest chain of bustling service restaurantsMcDonalds was started in a suburb of Chicago in 1955. It became the largest fast food restaurant and held one third of US market in 1990. McDonalds loose its branch in Canada in 1967 and later began to open in Europe by making joint ventures. McDonalds influenced the needs of locals and all other local fast food outlets in Germany and Netherlands faced a very tough competition. The local restaurants had to change their style to McDonalds in order to meet customer demands. After that, every step ahead was a success to the company. They had joint ventured with Japanese and very soon became countrys largest restaurant chain. (Jones, 2005)McDonalds operation in Russia, China and India was a clear attribute of International expansion. They had 30,000 outlets in 120 countries and employed 250,000 people outside the United States. They established in all major cities and helped students to manage their living by providing part time jobs. Their international operations reported one half of McDonaldss revenues. As time changes, customer needs also changes. Now customers prefer to have a nutritious meal, so McDonalds used their marketing nuances to satisfy their customers. For example, in France items like salads, fresh fruits and Evian mineral water are included in the menu. (Jones, 2005)ConclusionIn this essay, we have seen several factors that affect both home country and host country. Every company in the market sees to maximise the benefits and minimise the costs. The goal of achieving uttermost profit influences every other decision while investing in a country. So far, we have seen the costs and benefits of home countries and host count ries and real time examples are also cited. The primary factors that affect both home country and host country are employment, competition, economic development, technology and management. A success of an industry can be determined by how well these factors are managed by the country practising all rules and regulations adopted by the country in which operations are carried out. The governments also play an active role in framing rules and regulations to derive maximum benefit out of both FDI inflow and outflow. The negotiations are done on every agreement. Only if it is beneficial the operations are performed otherwise they are rejected at the initial phase itself.FDI is also used for improving the base of economically backward countries. The funding is done by world level organisations like World Health Organisation, World Bank and International Monetary Fund. The home is provided even in terms of upgrading medical facilities. For example, in Africa money and medicines are provi ded to eradicate diseases and in India several awareness programmes are being conducted about human immunodeficiency virus prevention. The money invested in the country can also be used for constructing roads to remote areas which will help in transportation of medicines and in situations like floods and other natural disasters. It can also be effectively used for training unskilled labour by conducting educational programmes that would benefit them to get into any industry (www.economywatch.com). The extent to which a country can be benefited out of FDI is solely decided by the government and foreign firms. Many foreign firms embroil actively in promoting social and environmental factors. The government can give tax exemptions and other incentives for the companies that benefit their country.

Analysis Of Leadership Styles Politics Essay

Analysis Of leadinghiphip Styles Politics EssayThis report was commissi bingled to represent comparative analysis of drawing cardship manners of two chairmans of the unite States of America that is one ex- death chair George W. supply and current president Barack H. Obama. The object of discussion is to compare and contrast leadinghip qualities of both presidents based on basic leading theories that were introduced in literary productions review Great slice theory, traits theory, and behavioral approach, contingency, transformational and trans twistional theories.As per requirements it was make the introduction of the background of two personalities including their childhood, university years and career. It was done overview of leadership qualities of them where B. Obama is represented as a political leader with good political skills, gigantic ability to earthly concern communication, organizational capacity and emotional intelligence and G.W. render as a leader with p rominent political deal and skills. Except that it was expressed my own horizon about two leaders where is the to the highest degree admirable politician is George W. bush-league who is top-down, no-nonsense, decisive, masculine leader who circuits his affection on the far horizon and doesnt go wobbly prolongting there.In a conclusion it is indispensable to say that The President of the United States of America is granted signifi crappert powers by the genius and exercises others by tradition and precedent. He has to inspire the confidence of the state. either President has to become a leader, and to be a leader he must attract people who are willing to follow him.INTRODUCTIONLeadership is an influence relationship among leaders and their collaborators who cogitate real changes that reflect their mutual conclusions( Komives, Woodard, 2003).Leader are some eubstance whom people follow and guide people. Leaders are the head of the solid ground, political party, legisla tive body or military unit. A type of Leader isdetermined and identified by the centre of attention traitthatisemphasized andby thecombination of other core traits that aredisplayed and officed to gain the relieve oneself of the people and Lead them to undertake the major task facing the organization(www.scribd.com)Some characteristics of leadersLeaders are essential for conniption the company vision, assessing where the company stands and making difficult choices. Leaders must be able to pull a team up together, solve problems and develop strategies.Leaders Challenge people.Leaders build their peoples Confidence.Leaders Coach the people they lead.Leaders con run people by bringing them out of their comfort zones, enabling people to reach successes that they never thought they could achieve.Leaders boost confidence and put their faith in their people to deliver the goal.Leaders reward intelligent failures, or the sincere effort to achieve, even if the effort may fail.Leaders communicate a clear and compelling vision to challenge people to think and act differently as they pursue a new agenda.BACKGROUNDBarack ObamaObama is actually of mixed heritage. He was born in 1961 in Honolulu, Hawaii. His father Barack Obama Senior was from Kenya and Obamas mother, Ann Durham, was earlier from Kansas. The marriage between Obamas parents was a short-lived one, however. In the early 1960s, interracial relationships were still quite rare in troopsy parts of America, and even technically illegal in some states. When Obama was two years old they divorced, and his father left Hawaii to enter Harvard University to earn a Ph.D. in sparings. The two Baracks met once again only once, when Obama was ten, though they did write occasionally. Barack Sr. eventually returned to Kenya and died in a car accident there in the early 1980s. Obamas mother remarried a man from Indonesia who civiliseed in the oil industry, and when Obama was six they moved there. The family lived nea r the capital of Jakarta, where his half-sister Maya was born. At the age of ten, Obama returned to Hawaii and lived with his maternal grandparents.Obama entered in kindergarten level in Noelani Elementary indoctrinate located at Honolulu, Hawaii and then from first to fourth mark off he done education in Jakarta, Indonesia. Fifth with twelfth grade he done education again in Honolulu, Hawaii. Obama got High take aim diploma from Punahou and went on to Occidental College in Los Angeles, where he decided to get unplayful about his studies. Midway through, he transferred to the prestigious Columbia University in New York City. After he earned his undergraduate peak in political science, he became a community organizer in Harlem- merely quickly realized he could non afford to live in the city with a job that give so little. Instead, he moved to Chicago to work for a church-based social-services organization there. Obama applied to and was accepted at Harvard Law School. In 1990, he was elected president of the Harvard Law Review journal (http//www.notablebiographies.com). Also during his law school years, Obama spent eight days in Los Angeles taking a national training job on Alinsky methods of organizing(Lizza, Ryan, 2007). Barack Hussein Obama was elected the 44th president of the United States on November 2008(http//www.nytimes.com).George Walker BushHe was born in New Haven, Connecticut on 1946. Bush was the first child of George H. W. Bush and Barbara Bush. He was raised in Midland and Houston, Texas, with his four siblings. Bushs grandfather, Prescott Bush, was a U.S. Senator from Connecticut. Bushs father, George H. W. Bush, served as U.S. Vice President from 1981 to 1989 and U.S. President from 1989 to 1993 ( Clarita, CalBoyer, 1995). As a child, Bush attended public schools in Midland, Texas until the family moved to Houston after he completed seventh grade. He then went to The Kinkaid School, a prep school in Houston, for two years (http//www.li b.utexas.edul). Bush finished his high school years at Phillips Academy. Bush attended Yale University from 1964 to 1968, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts degree in business relationship. During this time, he was a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon, being elected the fraternitys president during his senior year. He characterized himself as an average student. Beginning in the fall of 1973, Bush attended the Harvard Business School, where he earned an MBA. He was the only U.S. President to earn earned an MBA(http//www.ameri bearthinker.com). In May 1968, Bush was commissioned into the Texas straining home(a) Guard. After two years of active-duty service while training, he was assigned to Houston, flying Convair F-102s out of Ellington Air Force Base. In October 1973, Bush was discharged from the Texas Air National Guard and transferred to inactive duty in the Air Force Reserve. He was honorably discharged from the Air Force Reserve on November 21, 1974, at the end of his six-year s ervice obligation (http//www.dod.mil). He married on November 1977. In 1982 he would have a twin daughter. George W. Bush served as the 43rd president of the United States from 2001-2009.MAIN BODY3.1 Theories on LeadershipLeadership has different meaning to different authors. Harry Truman, the American President, said that leadership is the ability to get men (women) to do what they dont like to do and like it (Greenstein, 1989).Leadership is defined as influence, that is the art or process of influencing people so that they will deform willingly and en consequentlyiastically towards the achievement of group goals(Koontz, Weihrich, 2006).So a good leader is a maker of men, developer of subordinates and creator of worthy lieutenants.The activities of successful effective leadersHCollege filecollege fileSemester 5MLSAssignmentUntitled.png (function() var scribd = document.createElement( record) scribd.type = text/javascript scribd.async = true scribd.src = https//www.scrib d.com/javascripts/embed_code/inject.js var s = document.getElementsByTagName(script)0 s.parentNode.insertBefore(scribd, s) )() John Adair has a long pedigree in the world of leadership. The Adair stumper is that the action-centered leader gets the job done through the work team and relationships with fellow managers and staff. According to Adairs explanation an action-centered leader must direct the job to be done (task structuring) support and review the individual people doing it co-ordinate and foster the work team as a wholeTEAMTASKINDIVIDUALThe challenge for the leader is to manage all sectors of the diagramTaskdefine the taskmake the planallocate work and resourcescontrol quality and rate of workcheck performance against planadjust the planTeammaintain moderatebuild team spiritencourage, motivate, give a sense of goalappoint sub-leadersensure communication within groupdevelop the groupIndividualattend to personal problemspraise individualsgive statusrecognise and use individual abilitiesdevelop the individualA review of the leadership literature reveals an evolving series of schools of thought from Great Man and Trait theories to Transformational leadership (see table). Whilst early theories tend to focus upon the characteristics and behaviors of successful leaders, later theories begin to consider the role of followers and the contextual nature of leadership (Gronn, 1995).Great Man TheoriesBased on the impression that leaders are exceptional people, born with innate qualities, destined to lead. The use of the term man was intentional since until the latter part of the twentieth century leadership was thought of as a concept which is primarily male, military and Western. This led to the next school of Trait TheoriesTrait TheoriesThe lists of traits or qualities associated with leadership exist in abundance and continue to be produced. They draw on virtually all the adjectives in the dictionary which describe some positive or virtuous servicema n attri exactlye, from ambition to zest for lifeBehavioral TheoriesThese concentrate on what leaders actually do rather than on their qualities. Different patterns of behavior are observe and categorized as styles of leadership. This area has probably attracted most attention from practicing managersContingency TheoryThis is a refinement of the situational viewpoint and focuses on identifying the situational variables which best predict the most appropriate or effective leadership style to fit the particular circumstancesTransactional TheoryThis approach emphasizes the importance of the relationship between leader and followers, steering on the mutual benefits derived from a form of contract through which the leader delivers such things as rewards or recognition in return for the commitment or loyalty of the followersTransformational TheoryThe central concept here is change and the role of leadership in envisioning and implementing the transformation of organisational performanceF rom Great Man to Transformational LeadershipEach of these theories takes a rather individualistic perspective of the leader, although a school of thought gaining increasing recognition is that of dispersed leadership. This approach, with its foundations in sociology, psychology and government activity rather than management science, views leadership as a process that is diffuse throughout an organisation rather than lying solely with the formally designated leader. The emphasis thus shifts from developing leaders to developing leaderful organisations with a collective responsibility for leadership.Trait TheoriesTrait theories of leadership sought personality, social, physical or intellectual traits that differentiate leaders from non leaders. Trait view has little analytical or predictive value. Technical, conceptual and human skills (Katz, 1974). People are born with inherited traits. Some traits are oddly suited to leadership. People who make good leaders have the right combinat ion of traits.TraitsSkillsAdaptable to situationsAlert to social environmentAmbitious and achievement-orientatedAssertive accommodatingDecisiveDependableDominant (desire to influence others)Energetic (high activity level)PersistentSelf-confidentTolerant of stressWilling to assume responsibilityClever (intelligent)conceptually skilledCreativeDiplomatic and tactfulFluent in speakingKnowledgeable about group taskOrganized administrative ability)Persuasivesocially skilledBehavioral TheoriesBehavioral theories of leadership do not waitress inborn traits or capabilities. Rather, they look at what leaders actually do. If success can be defined in terms of describable actions, then it should be relatively easy for other people to act in the same way. This is easier to ascertain and learn then to adopt the more ephemeral traits or capabilities.Trait theory Leaders are born, not made.Behavioral theory Leadership traits can be taught.Ohio State StudiesInitiating StructureThe extent to which a leader is likely to define and structure his or her role and those of sub-ordinates in the search for goal attainment. regardThe extent to which a leader is likely to have job relationships characterized by mutual trust, respect for subordinates ideas, and regard for their feelings.University of Michigan StudiesEmployee-Oriented LeaderEmphasizing interpersonal relations taking a personal interest in the needs of employees and accepting individual differences among members.Production-Oriented Leader superstar who emphasizes technical or task aspects of the job.HCollege filecollege fileSemester 5MLSAssignmentbehaviour.jpg (function() var scribd = document.createElement(script) scribd.type = text/javascript scribd.async = true scribd.src = https//www.scribd.com/javascripts/embed_code/inject.js var s = document.getElementsByTagName(script)0 s.parentNode.insertBefore(scribd, s) )() Contingency TheoriesFiedlers Contingency ModelThe theory that effective groups depend o n a proper married person between a leaders style of interacting with subordinates and the degree to which the situation gives control and influence to the leader (Brooks, 2007).Least Preferred Co-Worker (LPC) QuestionnaireAn instrument that purports to measure whether a person is task- or relationship-oriented.Leader-Member RelationsThe degree of confidence, trust, and respect subordinates have in their leader.Task StructureThe degree to which the job assignments are procedurized.Position Power solve derived from ones formal structural position in the organization includes power to hire, fire, discipline, promote, and give salary increases.HCollege filecollege fileSemester 5MLSAssignmentcontingency.jpg (function() var scribd = document.createElement(script) scribd.type = text/javascript scribd.async = true scribd.src = https//www.scribd.com/javascripts/embed_code/inject.js var s = document.getElementsByTagName(script)0 s.parentNode.insertBefore(scribd, s) )() Tran sactional TheoriesTransactional leadership manakins treat the process of leading as a cross between a social and business transaction. There are particular hierarchies and structures in which some people are leaders and others are followers. A leader and follower agree to a contract. The latter is responsible for chase orders to do a job, and the former provides rewards for proper execution of responsibilities. The difficulty in transactional leadership is that the concept doesnt apply well to all circumstances or cultures. For example, job-performance-and-reward model doesnt pertain to volunteer efforts, where the reward is usually something other than what the leader can directly provide (http//www.everything.com).Transactional leadership seeks to motivate followers by appealing to their own self-interest. Transactional leaders use stodgy reward and punishment to gain compliance from their followers.Transformational theoriesJames MacGregor Burns first introduced the concept o f transformational leadership in his book Leadership (1978), but this term is now used in organizational psychology as well. He described it not as a set of specific behaviours, but rather an ongoing process by which leaders and followers raise one other to higher levels of morality and motivation. Transformational leaders offer a purpose that transcends short-term goals and focuses on higher order intrinsic needs. Transformational leaders raise the bar by appealing to higher ideals and values of followers. In doing so, they may model the values themselves and use charismatic methods to attract people to the values and to the leader.There are four components of transformational leadership, which areTab.13.2 OBAMA LEADERSHIP QUALITIESPresident Barack Obama has gotten the attention of Americans and foreigners alike imputable to his charismatic nature. A charismatic approach is transformational if it invokes a permanent change in the people who embrace the leaders vision. Thus far, Pr esident Obama has woed many to his vision which has the potential to make a huge difference in both domestic and foreign affairs.Barack Obama is a fascinating political leader. Obama have some following leadership qualities.Public CommunicationOrganizational CapacityEmotional Intelligencepolitical SkillCognitive Stylehttp//www.usnews.comPresident Obamas frankness is also another key that sets him apart from count little other politicians. By communicating his goal honestly and clearly, listeners are able to sense his sincerity and will tend to trust him more. This is opposed to many others who choose not to come clean regarding certain ulterior motives, apparent as they may be, and this only mean that listeners are less willing to trust them wholeheartedly.Barak Obama also scores well in terms of being able to delegate tasks to more capable hands, and concerns himself more with the direction setting and visioning of the nation. In higher management, delegation is a crucial skill to master in order to be effective (http//www.leadership-lessons.com).Apart this Barack Obama has some special qualities in his life as well that shows his leaders nature. He is not afraid to be surrounded by other brilliant people from whom he gets advice. He learns new things from them. He goes to meetings with an open heart. He is not stuck up with ego. He is willing to learn new things. He is willing to listen. He has gone through the steps of learning, growing, teaching, writing, earning and gaining trust and support etc. He is a seeker of challenges (http//hubpages.com).BUSH LEADERSHIP QUALITIESGeorge Walker Bush has embraced a command-and-control style that sharply challenges such(prenominal) of todays conventional wisdom about leadership and indeed is a marked departure from other recent presidents. Bush is a top-down, no-nonsense, decisive, macho leader who sets his eye on the far horizon and doesnt go wobbly getting there. He is crisp and can be confrontational, expecting ot hers to follow or get out of the way. He is a big-picture fellow who learned in business school and in Austin to focus on only two or three goals at a time and pursue them fiercely, seeing other issues as distractions. Once he sets a course, he may try his hand at public persuasion. But if people dont overlook behind him, he plunges ahead anyway, trusting that they will catch up later.Bush has indeed moved quickly to set his course and stick to it. He has let things languish and pushed problems to the future. He has also not hesitated to switch positions when necessary, such as when he first opposed, and then backed, the universe of discourse of a Homeland Security Department. He is a person who, once he picks a goal, never looks back. Even strong supporters sometimes worry that his curiosity and patience seem limited, while detractors see him as intellectually lazy and dependent on ideology and sloganeering instead of realism and clear thinking. Because he has a relatively small set of advisers, dissenting voices are effectively muffled (http//www.washingtonpost.com).Far more key to him than the art of persuasion, or so it appears, is discipline of message. Bush had waged a highly disciplined campaign that focused on a few core issues. Yet in his three debates with Al Gore, Bush had come across to many as unprepared for the job. Occasionally, Bush made his trademark smirk, a gesture that many took as a sign of arrogance. Bush described himself as a compassionate conservative (http//www.ontheissues.org). There are some following leadership qualities.Public CommunicationPolicy VisionPolitical SkillsOrganizational Capacityhttp//writ.news.findlaw.comCompare with Leadership QualitiesTransformational theoryPeter Northouse (2004) wrote that transformational leadership is the process whereby an individual engages with others and creates a connection that raises the level of motivation and morality in both the leader and the follower.Obama has benefited from prac ticed oratory, personal charm and charisma. He has mixed old and new media strategies to sustain and build popular support. Obama and his communications team have been clever at devising novel ways to present Obama in a sympathetic light. In confronting the contemporary era of fragmented media of communication, the president has shown a savvy ability to find the audience, as opposed to expecting the audience to come to him (Woolley, Peters, 2009).George W. Bush likes to consider himself a transformational leader. His supporters like to compare him to Reagan and Truman with the implicit premise that history will also treat him kindly after a rough spell in the polls but in fact he is not like that. He highly religious and moralistic but at the same time he is poor manager, failing to organize diverse info flows in his administration, and he is resistant to new ideas. George W. Bush is failed as a transformational leader since he was running against the odds (Bass, Riggio, 2006).Cont ingency theoryThe basic cartel of contingency theory is that effective leadership is contingent upon matching leaders style to the right setting. Barak Obama showed a distinct ability to alter his leadership style to fit a situation on at least three occasions.First, while presiding over a town hall meeting in forgather Meyer, Florida, President Obama demonstrated the tender side of leadership by delivering a genuine kiss of compassion to a woman struggling to overcome economic hard times and the embarrassing stigma of being homeless.Secondly, on his first trip to the G20 summit in Europe. President Obama discerned that the Prime Minister of France and the Premier of china were at an impasse over a certain deal at which time he showed a sense of cross cultural leadership by gently calling the two aside to a corner and brokering a deal between them.Third, as aforementioned, President Obama flexed his presidential biceps to force Chrysler into bankruptcy, both Chrysler and GM out o f NASCAR, and both Chrysler and GM accept new MPG fuel standards (Coggins, 2009).In comparison with B. Obama G.W. Bush leads by definition. His leadership posture has arguably set a new standard in immunizing the presidency from the risks of todays hyper-politicized, media-exposed environment. His success is traced to several factors his personal political experiences, the imperative of defining political issues and opponents during the revitalization of the conservative movement, and the GOPs control of American national government. G.W. Bush is one of a long line of orthodox innovators in American presidential history. Like other presidents who led by binder themselves to their political base while seeking to go beyond orthodoxyincluding James Polk, Theodore Roosevelt, and Lyndon JohnsonPresident Bush faces the challenge of redeeming old promises while responding to the demand for something new( Skowronek, 2005).Behavioral leadershipFrom behavioral perspective of leadership Obama successes as a leader. He isAttention Grabber.Knows how to make the best use of any opportunity give.PersistentHe does not lose hope after he lost the election US congress and then won in the senate elections by a large margin.He is a self aware and most importantly has the ability to tie his own experience into a political speech in which he portrays himself as an ordinary citizen, speaking for the general public. As a manager it might not effect whether you portray yourself as a common man or not but as a leader it is very important to relate the common man (http//www.slideshare.net).From behavioural perspective of leadership B. Obama shows himself as a democratic leader. Obama touted his abilities to solve problems in a bipartisan way, to take on special interest groups, and to restore Americas standing globally, while giving average citizens a voice. This dates back to my history as a community organizer and my belief that if ordinary people participate we get better outcomes, he said. Temperamentally, Im someone who tries to seek common ground, he said. I tend not to demonize people who dont agree with me, but try to find areas of overlap. Im not an ideological person I try to make decisions based on facts, what works and what doesnt. (http//www.concordmonitor.com).G.W. Bush in contrast to Obama is autocratic leader. Bush is resolute in his decisions and ultimately does not look for, or care to truly consider opinions that run counter to his desires. He wants to propagate freedom without seeming to understand the fundamentals of liberty. It isnt all about bombs and tanks and statesmanship from the working end of a gun. It is about unrestricted exchange. It is about occupying real estate where reasonable people publicly tussle over tough ideas. It is opinion given unadorned rather than served with ginned up intelligence or hidden behind executive privilege and presidential clemency or warrant-less wiretaps. Freedom as trite as it sounds requires vigila nce and oversight.3.4. Opinion about George Walker Bush Leadership StyleGeorge Bush has embraced a command-and-control style that sharply challenges much of todays conventional wisdom about leadership.There are some qualities that I consider as admirable for me. Bush is a top-down, no-nonsense, decisive, macho leader who sets his eye on the far horizon and doesnt go wobbly getting there. He is crisp and can be confrontational, expecting others to follow or get out of the way. He asks questions and actively listens before he decides, but he doesnt agonize, and once the decision is made, he doesnt brook internal dissent. He happily delegates details, but he monitors his team closely. If they oscillate off course, he snaps them back into line.Once he sets a course, he may try his hand at public persuasion. But if people dont swing behind him, he plunges ahead anyway, trusting that they will catch up later. Far more important to him than the art of persuasion, or so it appears, is disc ipline of message. He has learned through experience that if he and his team repeat a clear, simple message long enough, the public is much more likely to give him permission to act, even if they arent fully persuaded.One more admirable quality is that as he imposes a demanding physical regime upon himself, he also insists that his team stick to a script and drill it home repeatedly. He is slow to trust and has a long memory for those who cross him or his family, but he is devoted to those who are faithful. Loyalty to the man, loyalty to the mission, loyalty to the message, you dont stay on his team long unless you get with the program.Bush also has nerve. If he thinks the mission important enough, he will take a risk even put his presidency on the line. So what if no president since Franklin Roosevelt has picked up congressional position in his first mid-term election? So what if I risk embarrassment by campaigning hard for Republicans? Lets rev up Air Force One and barnstorm the country. Thats the way Bush acts, and more often than not as in the 2002 election, he wins his bets (Gergen, 2003).George W. Bush has displayed a natural ability to lead. Through his skillful use of timeless management principles and his powerful people skills, Bush has proven to be a genius at leadership. The Leadership Genius of George W. Bush reveals the pixilated leadership principles of the first President with an MBA and illustrates how he uses them to operate within the arenas of politics, business, and life (Bennis, Thomas, 2002).ConclusionThe President of the United States of America is granted significant powers by the Constitution and exercises others by tradition and precedent. However, success exercising these powers has varied widely from one President to the next. Harnessing the powers of the presidency and managing the sprawling executive branch take a great deal of skill and determination. Indeed Presidents face a host of challenges as they attempt to lead the nati on and its people. They must work with others in the separated corpse of American government. They must constantly deal with a wide range of complex domestic and foreign policy problems which tend to arise at the get through possible times. They must try to organize and lead an executive branch which often does not want to follow. And they must try to lead a nation with an aversion to strong leadership. That some Presidents are strong and effective leaders in spite of these obstacles is a testament to their talents, skills and determination.Every President has to inspire the confidence of the people. Every President has to become a leader, and to be a leader he must attract people who are willing to follow him. Every President has to develop a moral underpinning to his power, or he soon discovers that he has no power at all (Jones, 1994).In conclusion it would be relevant to refer to the words of Dwight D. Eisenhower (former US President) Leadership the art of getting someone else to do something youwant done because he wants to do it (http//www.garymotivations.com).

Analysis of Coursework Feedback

Analysis of Coursework FeedbackIn this feedback, Ill be analysing and examining itinerarys I could improve my first assignment. I also didnt go into much detail nigh regimen bail-outs and how regulatory initiatives may swear out evade the risk of a moral hazard, involving around tax-payer bailouts. I should have talked about the liquidity provisions and BASEL III large(p). Then go on to examine the BRRD and concept of bail-ins, along with much academic articles to help support and develop my arguments.Firstly, expression at me overall mark for my first assignment, I have mixed feelings as I am neither sad nor exceptionally thrilled with my grade, as I know that I could have improved my grade, if I applied my information and went into depth, along with my statements and given supporting evidence to back up my statements. In my feedback, numerous key words such as analysis and ..examining.. stood out to me the most, which further supports my statement that if I applied more kno wledge to my understanding by demonstrating how my analyses of the TBTF and incorrupt Hazard, relates to that of the assignment question, and how it is relevant to Deutsche Bank.I could have also talked about the arguments for and against governments bail-outs by talking about how the bailout bequeath help the global financial stability, by avoiding any financial disasters but instead bring enormously calm atmosphere in a rather hectic economic situation. This will help in protecting the veracity of the financial economy/system. If governments help bailout banks, it will help improve the investments opportunities, within the financial economy and as rabbit warren heel counter perfectly expressed 1Yeah, well, its everybodys problem. Unfortunately, the economy is a little like a bathtub. You cant have cold body of water in the front and hot water in the back. 2We must do this if we all want to avoid an economic collapse, along with the effect it will have on the countries that depe nd upon their trade. It very authoritative that money must be kept liquidated through the markets to ensure my trade and investments into the financial system. I must also analyse the against factors which accommodate how costly it will be and, credited properties cannot be recovered. It can cause a budget shortage and we can calculate the exact amount that will be utile for the bailout, or when there will be even be enough money for this action plan to take place.In my first assignment, I didnt include the regulatory initiatives and how this will help with the bailouts and that of moral hazard. As Government bailouts increment moral peril by inducing a business atmosphere in which organisations feel they will be shielded from the outcomes of poor choices and unsafe conduct. Since they no longer dread these outcomes, at any rate not to the level they ought to, they regularly neglect to avoid potential risk to prepare for pointless hazards. This absence of judiciousness as often a s possible has extensive repercussions, including shareholder misfortune, obligation and disintegration. If they are right and the administration ventures into safeguarding the organization out, the outcomes of this will help benefit the public. Unfortunately, as citizens bear the cost of bailouts, which is likewise to wreak destruction on government spending plans. This is demonstrated in the Great Recession as due to the government bailout during this time, resulted to terrible conduct from the administrators who didnt treat the citizens well. This is moral risk.After this examining on Moral Hard and government bailouts, I should have gone on to talk about and examine the arguments of Moosas on the needs for why banks should be allowed to give way. 3Such as determination it ironic that regulators are the ones in sole charge of implementing Basel II and argues that considering the subprime, Basel II may be suggesting inappropriate or inadequate financial supervision.4 While capi tal adequacy requirements are designed to protect banks from insolvency. As the problem that the banks faced during the crisis illiquidity.5Basel III is a piece of the persistent impulsion to improve how Banks are managed. It expands on the Basel I and Basel II archives, and tries to enhance the saving money segments capacity to manage monetary anxiety, enhance chance administration, and fortify the banks straightforwardness. Basel III is to cultivate more renowned versatility at the individual bank level with a specific end goal to decrease the danger of framework wide shock factors. Basel III presented more tightly capital necessities in contrast with Basel I and Basel II. Banks administrative capital is partitioned into Tier 1 and Tier 2, while Tier 1 is subdivided into Common beauteousness Tier 1 and extra Tier 1 capital.Deutsche Bank move outers have been pounded, while its adaptable ties have been in freefall. As Nobel Economist Professor Stiglitz said, 6The UK has been ex tend to hard because the banks took on enormously large liabilities in foreign currencies. Should the British taxpayers have to lower their standard of living for 20 years to pay off mistakes that benefited a small elite? There is an argument for letting the banks go bust. It may cause turmoil but it will be a cheaper way to deal with this in the end. The British Parliament never offered a blanket guarantee for all liabilities and derivative positions of these banks. The new banks will be more presumptive once they no longer have these liabilities on their back.I would have to agree with Professor Stiglitz statement, as it is fair to say that its about time that we coif aside, and allow at least one bank become bankrupt. Especially Big Banks, as another round of safeguard outs is unsatisfactory. The general population accounts rule be able to stand the strain, the effect on the financial economy will be unfair, and the ethical risk would be excessively enormous. If we do master a few banks fall, we ought to be prepared and willing to watch them go down. In my next assignment, Ill be making sure to go into more depth in examining and analysing the question, as well as backing by my statements with supporting arguments and articles.BibliographyEvans-Pritchard A, let banks fail, says Nobel economist Joseph Stiglitz The Telegraph (2 February 2009) accessed 20 December 2016Moffatt M, Should banks be allowed to fail? When does a private institution become too big to fail? (Education, 25 September 2015) accessed 20 December 2016Investopedia.com, Basel III (2010) accessed 21 December 2016Clark A, Banking crisis rabbit warren Buffett sees US bailout as a golden opportunity The Guardian (24 September 2008) accessed 21 December 2016DePersio G, How do government bailouts increase moral hazard? (2015) accessed 26 December 2016 accessed 26 December 2016BBC, Bail-out debate For and against BBC Business (25 September 2008) accessed 21 December 2016Moosa IA, Quantifi cation of in operation(p) risk under Basel II The good, bad and ugly 2008 (Palgrave Macmillan 2008)1 Andrew Clark, Banking crisis Warren Buffett sees US bailout as a golden opportunity The Guardian (24 September 2008) accessed 21 December 20162 BBC, Bail-out debate For and against BBC Business (25 September 2008) accessed 21 December 20163 Imad A. Moosa, Quantification of operational risk under Basel II The good, bad and ugly 2008 (Palgrave Macmillan 2008)4 Imad A. Moosa, Quantification of operational risk under Basel II The good, bad and ugly 2008 (Palgrave Macmillan 2008)5 Investopedia.com, Basel III (2010) accessed 21 December 20166 Ambrose Evans-Pritchard, Let banks fail, says Nobel economist Joseph Stiglitz The Telegraph (2 February 2009) accessed 20 December 2016

Behaviorism and the Never-Ending Need for Discipline Essay -- Educatio

Behaviorism and the Never-Ending Need for Discipline Websters dictionary defines learning as the act or process of training by a prescribed or customary course or study of discipline. I, however, see it as much more. Education, in my perspective, is the greatest gift a human can receive. I want to be one of the many caring individuals that can throw off this priceless gift- I want to be a teacher. Thither are many current trends and philosophies when dealing with education. Behaviorism, the philosophy of education in which I regard, go forth be incorporated into my classroom in some form or fashion. Education straight off has taken a turn for the worse when analyzing behavior. I know, from personalised experience, that the behavior of children has curdled. I feel that if I can help students become more intelligent and courteous citizens, then I have completed my communication channel successfully. Although there are many philosophies of education, I feel that behav iorism is one that should be included in every teachers curriculum because children today need educated socially as well as cognitively. Often times people have life-altering events that occur at the strangest of times. I am no different than anyone else. My career was set from the day that I walked into my kindergarten class. It was then that I k raw that I wanted to be an educator. It was quickly learned that I loved work and that I wanted it to be a part of my life forever. As I grew up, I recognized the many different types of individuals around me. I power saw kids with learning disorders, physical handicaps, and exceptional abilities. After realizing that I would someday have to deal with these multiple situations, I decided that if I can influence childrens lives then it ... ... students can easily learn from. If God blesses me to learn all that I am supposed to learn here at Concord, then I know that I will be prepared to teach to the best of my ability. I feel that I am receiving the best education possible here and I am confident that I will be successful in my future endeavors because of this. The final comments of this paper should certainly contain a result of my thoughts of how behaviorism can affect the school system. All the philosophies of education are good ones, but I yearn to see the day when all children are as courteous and loving as they used to be. If we can make childrens behavior better, eventually these kids will grow up and procreate, producing a new generation of disciplined individuals. The future begins now and behaviorism is the key to success in terms of education both cognitively and socially.